Nature of Scale
Scaling or limescale as it is commonly known, occurs when the hard water evaporates and leaves over the mineral molecules, mainly calcium and magnesium ions which then form into crystals onto rough surfaces and other crystals. The quantity of minerals that water can dissolve depends on temperature, pressure, turbulence and PH levels.
More than 85% of homes in the United States have hard water.
Effects of Limescale
The limescale will build up on the inner surfaces wherever there is water flow and contact. The results can manifest themselves in the entire plumbing and in all appliances. The problems have a major impact in residential, commercial and industrial applications as they increase down time for repairs, increase replacement costs and reduce energy efficiencies.
Often the extent of the problems is not observed as they are in the interior and are not exposed. The presence of overall limescale damage is evidenced by reduced water pressure, spotting on dishes, traces in the showers, coffee makers, frequent repairs and early replacement of equipment.
Evidence of Limescale
What is worse is the limescale you can't see:
Limescale builds up and reduces the amount of water flow and pressure in the pipes and appliances. Households waste up to 12,000 gallons of water annually when waiting for the water to be heated.
